NOOTROPICS classification Mnemonics || Best ever tricks in classification || made easy ||

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Cognition enhancers: These are also known as nootropics that improve cognitive functions, particularly memory, creativity, or motivation, in healthy individuals.
Cholinergic activators:
a. Rivastigmine: It is a parasympathomimetic that inhibits acetylcholinesterase and is used to treat mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type.
b. Donepezil: It is a centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that prevents the hydrolysis of acetylcholine and leads to an increased concentration of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. Therefore, used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
c. Tacrine: It is a centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants and also in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
d. Galantamine: It is a benzazepine derived from Galanthus. Galantamine is a cholinesterase inhibitor that is used to treat Alzheimer’s disease and other CNS disorders.
Glutamate (NMDA) antagonist:
Memantine: It is a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist that blocks glutamate transmission, resulting in neuronal dysfunction. It is given a combination with other anti-cholinesterases to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
Others:
a. Piracetam: It is a cyclic derivative of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is used in cognitive disorders, dementia, vertigo, cortical myoclonus & dyslexia.
b. Pyritinol: It has been used in trials studying the treatment of dementia, depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and psychosomatic disorders.
c. Citicoline: It increases oxygen and blood flow to the brain. It has been used in stroke, hypomania, cocaine abuse, bipolar disorder and diagnosis of mania.
d. Ginkgo biloba: It is mainly used as a memory concentration enhancer and anti-vertigo agent.
e. Dihydroergotoxine: It is a dihydrogenated ergot alkaloid used as a vasodilator agent in the treatment of vascular dementia.

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